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Les Ballets 1933
Les Ballets 1933 was a ballet company started by Boris Kochno and George Balanchine, which Balanchine used to create new works that were completely his own, set to music that no one had yet choreographed. The company ran for less than four weeks in 1933 and tailored itself to small, wealthy audiences in Paris (the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées) and London (Savoy Theatre), but despite its scale, it came out with works that Balanchine later used to instruct at his School of American Ballet, and in the programs of his later companies.〔"Oxford Dictionary of Dance: Les Ballets 1933." Answers.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 July 2013.〕 Outside a theatre for Les Ballets, Balanchine first met Lincoln Kirstein.〔Reynolds, Nancy. "Ballets 1933." ''The International Encyclopedia of Dance''. Ed. Selma J. Cohen. Oxford University Press, 2005. Wollman Library, Barnard College. Web. 11 July 2013.〕
== History ==
Kochno and Balanchine came directly out of the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, owned by René Blum and Colonel W. de Basil, for which Kochno had been the librettist and Balanchine the choreographer, until de Basil dismissed them both.〔Homans, Jennifer. ("René Blum: Life of a Dance Master," ) ''New York Times'' (July 8, 2011).〕 Tamara Toumanova, a dancer and a strong admirer of Balanchine, followed the collaborators from the Ballet Russe, and remained a great inspiration for Balanchine. At first afraid to not find funding, Kochno and Balanchine relied on a few contributions from friends, including Coco Chanel and Cole Porter. Quickly, however, they found themselves in the hands of young and affable Edward James, husband of Tilly Losch, a dancer trained at the Vienna Opera Ballet who specialized in character and exotic roles. As James became head patron (without his money the ballet wouldn't have been able to run for its season), Losch became a head dancer. James, who received little admiration from Losch, hoped that he could gain her love by ensuring that direct relationship.
When Les Ballets opened, it found itself in the midst of mixed reviews. Some thought the company youthful, on account of Balanchine; others thought it extravagant.〔 Even Kirstein was skeptical, as he decided that Balanchine was "no Fokine."〔Buckle, Richard; and John Taras. ''George Balanchine Ballet Master''. New York: Random House, 1988. Print.〕
Overall, most of the reviews were bad, and the ballet ended its season with no profit. Tensions between performers heightened, and the ballet needed to close. However, the ballet's end did bring about the start of the American Ballet, as Kirstein met Balanchine, and brought the choreographer to the United States.
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